Pambuyo pa COVID-19, malonda apadziko lonse lapansi asintha kwambiri.Bungwe la World Trade Organization (WTO) likugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti liwonetsetse kuti malonda akuyambanso mwamsanga, makamaka pankhani ya zovala.Kafukufuku waposachedwa mu 2023 Review of World Trade Statistics ndi deta yochokera ku United Nations (UNComtrade) ikuwonetsa kuti pali zochitika zosangalatsa pazamalonda zapadziko lonse lapansi, makamaka pankhani ya nsalu ndi zovala, zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mikangano yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso kusintha kwa mfundo zamalonda. ndi China.
Kafukufuku wakunja wapeza kuti pali njira zinayi zosiyana pamalonda apadziko lonse lapansi.Choyamba, pambuyo pa chipwirikiti chogula ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa 20% mu 2021, zovala zogulitsa kunja zidatsika mu 2022. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kuchepa kwachuma komanso kukwera kwa mitengo yamtengo wapatali m'misika yayikulu yogulitsa zovala ku United States ndi Western Europe.Kuphatikiza apo, kuchepa kwa kufunikira kwa zinthu zopangira zinthu zopangira zinthu zodzitetezera (PPE) kwadzetsa kutsika kwa 4.2% pakugulitsa nsalu padziko lonse lapansi mu 2022, kufika $339 biliyoni.Chiwerengerochi ndi chochepa kwambiri kuposa mafakitale ena.
Chochitika chachiwiri ndichakuti ngakhale China idakhalabe msika waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi wogulitsa zovala mu 2022, pomwe msika ukupitilira kuchepa, ogulitsa ena otsika mtengo aku Asia akutenga.Dziko la Bangladesh laposa Vietnam ndipo lakhala lachiwiri padziko lonse lapansi potumiza zovala kunja.Mu 2022, msika waku China pakugulitsa zovala padziko lonse lapansi udatsika mpaka 31.7%, yomwe ndi malo otsika kwambiri m'mbiri yaposachedwa.Gawo lake lamsika ku United States, European Union, Canada, ndi Japan latsika.Ubale wamalonda pakati pa China ndi United States wakhalanso chinthu chofunikira chomwe chikukhudza msika wamalonda wapadziko lonse wa zovala.
Chochitika chachitatu ndi chakuti mayiko a EU ndi United States akadali maiko akuluakulu pamsika wa zovala, akuwerengera 25.1% ya nsalu zapadziko lonse lapansi mu 2022, kuchokera ku 24.5% mu 2021 ndi 23.2% mu 2020. Chaka chatha, United States' kugulitsa nsalu kunja kwakwera ndi 5%, kukula kwakukulu kwambiri pakati pa mayiko 10 apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi.Komabe, mayiko omwe ali ndi ndalama zapakati akukulirakulira, China, Vietnam, Türkiye ndi India akuwerengera 56.8% ya nsalu zomwe zimatumizidwa padziko lonse lapansi.
Ndi chidwi chochulukirachulukira pakugula zinthu zam'mphepete mwa nyanja, makamaka m'maiko akumadzulo, mitundu yamalonda yamalonda ya nsalu ndi zovala zakhala zikuphatikizidwa mu 2022, kukhala chitsanzo chachinayi chomwe chikubwera.Chaka chatha, pafupifupi 20.8% ya nsalu zogulitsa kunja kuchokera kumayikowa zidachokera kuderali, kuchuluka kuchokera ku 20.1% chaka chatha.
Kafukufuku wapeza kuti osati mayiko akumadzulo okha, komanso Ndemanga ya 2023 ya World Trade Statistics yatsimikizira kuti ngakhale mayiko aku Asia tsopano akusintha magwero awo ogulitsa ndikuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kudalira kwawo pazinthu zaku China kuti achepetse kuopsa kwaunyolo, zonse zomwe zingayambitse kukula bwino.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamakasitomala kosadziwika bwino kuchokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana komwe kukukhudza zamalonda padziko lonse lapansi komanso makampani opanga nsalu ndi zovala padziko lonse lapansi, makampani opanga mafashoni amva bwino kwambiri zotsatira za mliriwu.
Bungwe la World Trade Organization ndi mabungwe ena apadziko lonse akudziwonetsera okha ku mayiko ambiri, kuwonekera bwino, ndi mwayi wa mgwirizano wapadziko lonse ndi kusintha, pamene maiko ena ang'onoang'ono akugwirizana ndikupikisana ndi mayiko akuluakulu pazamalonda.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-05-2023