Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Okutobala, pakhala masiku angapo otsatizana ochita zionetsero za ogwira ntchito m'makampani opanga nsalu omwe akufuna kuti awonjezere malipiro ku likulu ndi madera akuluakulu aku Bangladesh.Izi zachititsanso kukambirana za kudalira kwakukulu kwa makampani opanga zovala kwa nthawi yaitali pa ntchito yotsika mtengo.
Mbiri ya nkhani yonseyi ndikuti, monga dziko lachiwiri padziko lonse lapansi logulitsa nsalu kuchokera ku China, Bangladesh ili ndi mafakitale pafupifupi 3500 ndipo ili ndi antchito pafupifupi 4 miliyoni.Kuti akwaniritse zosowa za malonda odziwika padziko lonse lapansi, ogwira ntchito nsalu nthawi zambiri amafunika kugwira ntchito yowonjezera, koma malipiro ochepa omwe angalandire ndi 8300 Bangladesh Taka / mwezi, omwe ali pafupifupi 550 RMB kapena 75 US dollars.
Pafupifupi mafakitale 300 atsekedwa
Poyang'anizana ndi kukwera kwamitengo kwapafupifupi 10% mchaka chathachi, ogwira ntchito ku Bangladesh akukambirana za miyezo yatsopano yamalipiro ndi mabungwe a eni mabizinesi opanga nsalu.Kufuna kwaposachedwa kwa ogwira ntchito ndikuwonjezera pafupifupi katatu kuchuluka kwa malipiro ochepera ku 20390 Taka, koma eni mabizinesi angoganiza zongowonjezera 25% mpaka 10400 Taka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale zovuta kwambiri.
Apolisiwo ananena kuti mafakitale pafupifupi 300 anatsekedwa mkati mwa mlungu wa chionetserochi.Pakadali pano, zionetserozi zapha anthu awiri ogwira ntchito komanso ovulala ambiri.
Mtsogoleri wa mabungwe ogwira ntchito pazovala adanena Lachisanu lapitalo kuti Levi's ndi H&M ndiye zovala zapamwamba zapadziko lonse lapansi zomwe zayimitsidwa ku Bangladesh.
Mafakitole ambiri abedwa ndi ogwira ntchito amene akunyanyala ntchito, ndipo ena mazana ambiri atsekedwa ndi eni nyumba kuti asawonongeke mwadala.Kalpona Akter, Wapampando wa Bangladesh Federation of Clothing and Industrial Workers (BGIWF), adauza Agence France Presse kuti mafakitale omwe adasiyidwa akuphatikizapo "mafakitole ambiri akuluakulu mdziko muno omwe amapanga zovala pafupifupi mitundu yonse yayikulu yaku Western ndi ogulitsa".
Ananenanso kuti: "Magulu akuphatikiza Gap, Wal Mart, H&M, Zara, Inditex, Bestseller, Levi's, Marks ndi Spencer, Primary ndi Aldi."
Mneneri wa Primark adati wogulitsa mafashoni aku Dublin "sanakumane ndi zosokoneza pamayendedwe athu".
Mneneriyo adawonjezeranso kuti, "Tikadalumikizanabe ndi omwe amatipatsira, ena mwa iwo atseka kwakanthawi mafakitale awo panthawiyi."Opanga omwe adawonongeka pamwambowu sakufuna kuwulula mayina omwe adagwirizana nawo, kuopa kutaya maoda ogula.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ntchito ndi kasamalidwe
Poyankha momwe zinthu zikuchulukirachulukira, a Faruque Hassan, wapampando wa bungwe la Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA), adadandaulanso zomwe zikuchitika pamakampaniwo: kuthandizira kufunikira kokweza malipiro otere kwa ogwira ntchito aku Bangladesh kumatanthauza kuti zovala zaku Western ziyenera onjezerani mitengo yawo.Ngakhale kuti mitunduyi imanena poyera kuti imathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa malipiro a ogwira ntchito, kwenikweni, amawopseza kusamutsa maoda kumayiko ena mitengo ikakwera.
Kumapeto kwa September chaka chino, Hassan analembera American Apparel and Footwear Association, akuyembekeza kuti adzabwera ndi kukopa makampani akuluakulu kuti awonjezere mitengo ya malonda a zovala.Iye analemba m’kalatayo kuti, “Izi n’zofunika kwambiri kuti munthu asinthe bwino pamiyezo yatsopano ya malipiro.Mafakitole aku Bangladesh akukumana ndi vuto lofooka padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ali m'malo owopsa ngati 'mikhalidwe'.
Pakadali pano, Bangladesh Minimum Wage Commission ikugwirizana ndi onse omwe akukhudzidwa, ndipo mawu ochokera kwa eni mabizinesi amawonedwanso ngati "osatheka" ndi boma.Koma eni fakitale amatsutsanso kuti ngati malipiro ochepa a antchito apitilira 20000 Taka akwaniritsidwa, Bangladesh itaya mwayi wake wampikisano.
Monga chitsanzo cha bizinesi cha "mafashoni othamanga", makampani akuluakulu amapikisana kuti apereke ogula maziko amtengo wotsika, ozikidwa ndi ndalama zochepa za ogwira ntchito m'mayiko aku Asia omwe amatumiza kunja.Mitundu idzakakamiza mafakitale kuti apereke mitengo yotsika, yomwe pamapeto pake idzawonetsedwa ndi malipiro a ogwira ntchito.Monga limodzi mwa mayiko akuluakulu ogulitsa nsalu padziko lonse lapansi, Bangladesh, yomwe ili ndi malipiro ochepa kwambiri a ogwira ntchito, ikukumana ndi zotsutsana.
Kodi zimphona Zakumadzulo zimatani?
Poyang'anizana ndi zofuna za ogwira ntchito ku Bangladeshi, mitundu ina yodziwika bwino yayankhanso.
Mneneri wa H&M adati kampaniyo imathandizira kukhazikitsidwa kwa malipiro ochepa kuti athe kulipirira zolipirira antchito ndi mabanja awo.Mneneriyo anakana kuyankhapo ngati H&M ikweza mitengo kuti ithandizire kukweza malipiro, koma adanenanso kuti kampaniyo ili ndi njira zogulira zinthu zomwe zimalola mafakitale okonza kuti awonjezere mitengo kuti iwonetse kuchuluka kwa malipiro.
Mneneri wa kampani ya makolo a Zara, Inditex, adati kampaniyo yatulutsa posachedwa chikalata cholonjeza kuti ithandizira ogwira nawo ntchito pantchito yawo yopezera ndalama kuti akwaniritse malipiro awo.
Malinga ndi zikalata zoperekedwa ndi H&M, pali pafupifupi 600000 ogwira ntchito ku Bangladeshi pagulu lonse la H&M mu 2022, omwe amalandila pafupifupi $ 134 pamwezi, kupitilira muyeso wocheperako ku Bangladesh.Komabe, poyerekeza mozungulira, ogwira ntchito ku Cambodian mu H&M chain atha kupeza pafupifupi $293 pamwezi.Malinga ndi GDP pa munthu aliyense, Bangladesh ndiyokwera kwambiri kuposa Cambodia.
Kuphatikiza apo, malipiro a H&M kwa ogwira ntchito aku India ndi okwera pang'ono 10% kuposa ogwira ntchito aku Bangladeshi, koma H&M imagulanso zovala zambiri ku Bangladesh kuposa zaku India ndi Cambodia.
Nsapato ndi zovala za ku Germany Puma adanenanso mu lipoti lake lapachaka la 2022 kuti malipiro omwe amaperekedwa kwa ogwira ntchito ku Bangladeshi ndi okwera kwambiri kuposa chiwerengero chochepa, koma chiwerengerochi ndi 70% chabe ya "malipiro akumidzi" omwe amatanthauzidwa ndi mabungwe a chipani chachitatu. chizindikiro chomwe malipiro amakwanira kuti ogwira ntchito azikhala ndi moyo wabwino kwa iwo eni ndi mabanja awo).Ogwira ntchito ku Puma ku Cambodia ndi Vietnam amalandila ndalama zomwe zimagwirizana ndi malipiro awo.
Puma inanenanso m'mawu ake kuti ndikofunikira kwambiri kuthana ndi vuto lamalipiro limodzi, chifukwa vutoli silingathetsedwe ndi mtundu umodzi.Puma adanenanso kuti ogulitsa ambiri ku Bangladesh ali ndi mfundo zowonetsetsa kuti ndalama za ogwira ntchito zikukwaniritsa zosowa zapakhomo, koma kampaniyo idakali ndi "zinthu zambiri zoti iganizire" kuti imasulire mfundo zake kuti zitheke.
Makampani opanga zovala ku Bangladesh akhala ndi "mbiri yakuda" pakukula kwake.Chodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi kugwa kwa nyumba m'chigawo cha Sava ku 2013, kumene mafakitale ambiri ovala zovala anapitiriza kukakamiza antchito kuti agwire ntchito atalandira chenjezo la boma la "ming'alu m'nyumba" ndikuwauza kuti panalibe chitetezo. .Izi zidapangitsa kuti anthu 1134 afe ndipo zidapangitsa makampani apadziko lonse lapansi kuti aziyang'ana kwambiri kukonza malo ogwira ntchito pomwe akusangalala ndi mitengo yotsika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-15-2023